hinsdale



W. R. HINSDALE. l HBATBD FUNNBL FOR 1133011?MOLDS.Y

No. 363,323. Patented May 31, 1337.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

W. R. HINSDALE.v HBATBD lPUNNEL FOR INGOT MOLDS.-

No. 363,828. Patented May 31, 1887.

.2o in my previous patent applicat-ions, Nos.

UNITED STATES PATENT l OFFICE.

WILLIAM E. HINsDALE, OE BROOKLYN, NEW YOEK, nssIGNoE To BENJAMIN ATI-ra, OE NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

HEATED FUNNEL FOR lNGOT-MOLDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Il'aettersI Patent No. 363,828, dated May 31l` 1887.

Application tiled December 29, 1886. Serial No. 229,949. (No model.)

To all when?, "it may con/067%:

' Beit known that I, WILLIAM R. HINsDALE,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heated Funnels for Ingot-Molds, fully described and represented in the following specitication and the accompanying` d rawi n gs, forming a part of the same.

The-object of this invention is to preserve the metal in a thoroughly-fluid state, and. to protect it from oxidation in its passage from a ladle or crucible into an ingot-mold; and it consists in the particular construction of the I 5 funnel or ingate and of a gas-heater connected therewith and applied directly to the top of the mold.

The invention is particularly adapted for use with the processes and apparatus claimed 219,455 and 222,371, and the heater isprovided with a special coolingechamber at the neck of the funnel, for useA in connection with such processes; but the other parts of myinvention may be used without such cooling-chamber when required.

The device consists in a funnel of refractor material adapted to lead the vmetal into the Vmouth of the mold, and forming a passage of 3o sufficient length to extend from the outside of a heating vessel or chamber through the same and through its bottom, and gas and air pipes for generating within such heating-chamber a temperature nearly or quite equal to that of the molten metal, so that radiation o f heat from the latter may be effectually prevented, as well as oxidation, in its passage from the fluid-metal Vreceptacle to the mold.

My invention also-includes specific means for generatingvthe desired heat about the funnel, all of which will be understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in which-4 Figure l is a vertical elevation of an apparatus embodying my invention, including an ingot-mold and jacket-casing similar to that shown in my patent applicationNo. 219,455, the View being taken in section on line y y in the heater shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a trans- A f' verse section of the heater, taken on line x x 4a2 for cooling-fluid.

in Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a plan of the' topof said heater. f

a is the ingotmold; a', thejacket-casing surrounding the same and provided with pipes b is a recess formed in the top of the mold to receive a gasket of elastic packing, b, formed of asbestus or other suitable Inaterial. Y h is the shell of the heater, lined with refractory material, h', and ois the aperture through the bottom of the heater for introducing the 6o fluid metal to the mold, and is shown surrounded by a cooling-chamber, t', in which an annular space, o', is formed to circulatea cooling-fluid.

The opening through the center ofthe cooling-chamber is made somewhat larger than the aperture o to admit the lining h, and the upper side of the chamber is preferably fla-red to thicken such lining where it is united to the funnel f. l

The funnel is shown fitted to the aperture o in the bottom of the heater and sloped to one side of the heater near the top, an opening being made through the wall of the heater and formed with a mouth, g, to direct the Huid 75 metal into the funnel.

The heater is shown supplied with gas and air introduced through passages kand l, formed across the'top ofthe heater and transmitted vthrough separate pipes, 7c and Z', to a point 8e near the bottom of the heater adjacent to the aperture o. The passages k and Z are formed in fire-brick material resting upon the top of the heater, and a'cover, j, is applied at each sideof the casting to prevent the escape of the 8 5 vdame upward, an outlet, q, being provided in the bottom of the heater remote from the aperture o, to form a downward flue for the escape of such burnt gases.

The tubes 7c l are fitted in holes a inthe un- 9o der side of the passages 7c and Z, and their lower ends are supported by a refractory plate, m, sustained a little distance abovev the bottom of the heater by a bridge-wall, m', and grooves m2 in the lining 71..

The plate m is formed with holes forthe oscape of the gas from the pipes k and Z below the plate, and the bridge-wall`is formed adjacent to the due q.

The gas and air are ignited where they mix roo y together below the plate m, andthe bridgewall operates, in conjunction with the plate, to

direct the flame toward the neck or lower end of the funnel and that part of the lining 7L which is packed within the Haring top of the annular chamber i.

The plate m is preferably extended from the bridge-wall to the side of the funnel, asshown in Fig. 1, and the heat of the combustion is thereby concentrated with its greatest force upon the neck of the funnel, as indicated by the arrow x.

The gases pass upward from the neck of the funnel around the body of the same over the plate m, as indicated by the arrow x2, and pass l respective supply-pipes across the top 4of the heater within the casting, but separated by a partition, p.

The annular chamber z', is provided with inlet and outlet pipes r r', Aby which a circulation of cooling-fluid may be maintained in the annular space o. The apertur'ein the bottom of the heater being made smaller than the mouth of theingotmold,the edge ofthe annular chamber projects inward all around the mouth of the mold sufficiently to chill the top of the vingot at its margin when the fluid metal is filled in contact with the cold metal of the chamber.

Thelower part of the chamber is preferably formed with a boss, o, adapted to fit within the recess b around the mouth of the mold, so as to center the aperture o over the center of the mold, and the packing shown at b is shown in contact with such boss to prevent the escape of the metal when the mold is filled.

From the above description it will be seen that my device affords a means of keeping the funnel heated in the most eective manner, and that its temperature may be readily raised to that desired in the fluid metal, so that the cooling experienced in flowing from the mouth of the ladle into the socket g may be entirely corrected and the metal introduced to the mold in the hot condition desired. j

My apparatus is especially desirable in an apparatus where the ingots are drawn through the bottom of the mold as they are successively formed therein, and in which the funnel may be retained for along time in connection with the mouth of the mold. Without such means as I have claimed herein for maintaining the high temperature of the funnel,

form therein, called sculliug, and the funnel would be unfit to use in a very short time.

By my invention the heating of the funnel near or quite to the temperature of the melted metal entirely preventssculling, and enables the funnel to be used untilit'is gradu ally worn thin and requires renewal.

The inclinedarrangement of the funnel ob viously brings its upper end into a more convenient position in applying themouth of the ladle or other fluid-receptacle,y while it also affords the means for circulating the heat about its neck `and body in the manner de scribed. Thearrangement of the gas. and alr pipes 7c and Z in the path of 'the burnt gases also tends to utilize the waste heat of the latter in a high degree, and produces the effects of a regenerator, with the economy in the 'consumption of gas which is consequent thereon.

An aperture, f, is shown in the upper side of the funnel, near the mouth g, to permit a portion of the neutral gases to escape toward the niouth. -The neutral gases are those which contain no free oxygen and are thus incapable of oxidizing the metal in the funnel, and such a neutral condition naturally results from the proper proportioning of the gas and air ad mix'ed therewith to effect perfect combustion. The supply of gas and air to the heatingchamber would in practice be regulated -to produce the most perfect combustion, and the products of combustion would thus retain no free oxygen. By projecting such neutral gases from the mouth of the funnel toward the mouth of the ladle the metal flowing from the ladle to the funnel is thus prevented from oxidation as effectually as if it were conducted through an air-tight passage, and the entrance of air to any part of the funnel is likewise prevented, aswell as the oxidation of the highlyheated metal therein.

An arrow, a, is shown in the aperture f to indicate the passage of. the gases to the mouth g; but it is obvious that any aperture extendf ing from within the heating-chamber to the f mouth would have the same effect, and that such a passage could be made above the uppereud of the funnel without perforating the latter, as at the point lettered fu. The aperture' for conducting the neutral gases to the mouth g may therefore be made in any convenient manner without departing from the scope of my invention.

Having thus set forth the nature of my inAv vention, what I claim herein is I 1.. rlhe combination, with the top of`an ingot-mold, of a heater lined with refractory material and provided with air and gas supply pipes and an escape-flue, an aperture in the bottoni of lthe heater, and a funnel of refractory material extending from the aperture in the bottom of the heater to the outside of the heater, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the top of an ingot-1nold, of a heater lined with refractory material and provided with air and gas sup- IOO ply pipes and an escape-dudan aperture in the bottom of the heater, a funnel of refractory material inclined from the aperture in the bottom'of the heater to or through the side of the heater, and a mouth to direct the iiuid metal into the funnel, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the top ofan in got-mold, of a heater lined with refractory material and provided with air and gas supply pipes and an escape-flue, a cooling-eham` ber with recessed top and formed of cast-iron in the bottom of the heater, a packing of refractory material applied to such recess, with an aperture through the same to admit the passage of the fluid metal, and a funnel of refractory material fitted to said aperture and extended to or through the outside of the heater, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the top otf-an ingot-mold, of a heater lined with refractory material and having an escape-flue and a bottom aperture, and a funnel extended therefrom to or through the side of the heater, a refractory plate sustained above the bottom of the heater adjacent to the neck of the funnel, separate gas and air passages formed in the cover of the heater, and gas and air tubes extended from such passages to holes in the said plate, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with the top of an ingot-mold, of a heater lined with refractory 'air tubes extended from such passages to the said holes in the refractory plate, as and for the purpose set forth,

6. The combination, with the top of an in- 45 got-mold, of a heater lined with refractory material, an aperture through the bottom of the heater to the mold, a funnel of refractory material extended from the aperture in the bottom of the heater to or through the side of the same, a mouth to direct the fluid metal into thev funnel, andan aperture for leading the neutral gases from within the heaterV to the said mouth, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimouywhercof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

VILLIAM R. HINSDALE.

Witnesses:

Trios. S. CRANE, HENRY J. MILLER. 

